![]() However, because smart grid is still in its early phases of development and the majority of users are unfamiliar with it, people are cautious about embracing and using its services. Thanks to this, users can manage their electricity bills and intelligently monitor and adjust their use habits (Fang et al. Smart grids give customers real-time data regarding their electricity consumption patterns and pricing schemes. Reliability is one of the most important evaluation indicators of the smart grid (Sultan and Hilton 2019, Hasan Ghodusinejad et al. The reliability of these technologies and the resulting smart grid are crucial (Ourahou et al. Further, to allow Demand Response (DR), Demand-Side Management (DSM), and Electric Vehicles (EV) (Bayindir et al. Smart grid uses and interconnects a lot of Intelligent Electronics Devices (IEDs) such as smart appliances, power storage units, smart control devices, smart meters, and Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) to enable two-way real-time communications (Ghasempour 2019). To minimize greenhouse gas emissions (i.e., CO2), the smart grid largely relies on distributed energy resources (DERs) and renewable energy sources (RERs), such as solar and wind energy, to produce electricity. A smart grid is an electrical network that can automatically combine the actions of all users linked to it-generators, consumers, and those who do both-to offer sustainable, affordable, and secure electricity supplies efficiently, according to the European Technology Platform (Bamberger et al. ![]() Department of Energy, “uses digital technology to improve the reliability, security, and efficiency of the electricity system: from large generation through the delivery systems to electricity consumers and a growing number of distributed generation and storage resources” (Department of Energy 2009). There is no universally accepted definition of a smart grid concept each nation has its own definition based on its own vision (Dileep 2020 Fang et al. To increase the efficiency and stability of the electrical grid, the smart grid has been proposed as a combination of the traditional electrical grid and information and communication technology (ICT) to optimize power generation, transmission, and distribution. For instance, compared to traditional homes with few light bulbs and electrical devices, smart homes typically have 500 or more smart devices and use more electricity (Mashal et al. The conventional energy grid can no longer keep up with the changes in operational conditions and the rise in electricity needs brought on by the new communication paradigms, such as the Internet of Things (IoT) (Mashal et al. The research presented in this study has practical applications for academics, engineers, decision-makers, and stakeholders. The sensitivity analysis shows the variation of factors ranking and the stability and robustness of the model and the results. Additionally, it is discovered that the sub-criteria of ‘Privacy’ and ‘Interoperability’ had a significant impact on the reliability of the smart grid. ![]() The results indicate the significance of the ‘Big Data’ criterion, closely followed by ‘Grid Efficiency’ criterion. Twenty smart grid experts were consulted to collect data. Firstly, a comprehensive literature analysis was conducted to determine the criteria and sub-criteria used to construct the model then, the model is constructed using fifteen sub-criteria covering big data, network systems, and grid efficiency criteria finally, the Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Approach (FAHP) and fuzzy triangular numbers are used to evaluate and prioritize the criteria. This paper propose a model to investigate and determine the most crucial factors that affect the smart grid's reliability based on the Multiple-criteria decision-making (MCDM) method. The goal of this paper is to examine user perceptions of smart grid reliability and assess their success factors in an effort to close the gap in the literature. Thus, there is a urgent need to identify key factors that affect smart grid reliability from the user’s viewpoint. However, very few studies address smart grid reliability from the perspective of users. Without knowing users’ impressions of the reliability of the smart grid, users will not easily accept and participate in it or its services. A key component of the success and adoption of smart grids is reliability. ![]() Due to their potential, smart grids are anticipated to achieve widespread deployment. A smart grid integrates communication networks with the conventional electrical grid. ![]()
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